Generations
Gen1 — Original Model S
2012–2016
Single Motor RWD, Dual Motor AWD
Gen2 — Refreshed Model S
2016–2021
Single Motor RWD, Dual Motor AWD
Gen3 — Plaid Model S
2021–2024
Dual Motor AWD, Tri Motor Plaid
Top issues to watch for
The most serious Tesla Model S problems ranked by severity. We track 12 known issues — here are the ones you need to know about first.
Major
Drive Unit Failure
Tesla drive units combine electric motor, reduction gearbox, and power electronics in a sealed assembly. Early production units suffer from bearing failures, gear whine development, and power electronics failures that require complete unit replacement. The whining noise typically develops gradually and becomes more pronounced under acceleration or regenerative braking. Tesla has revised drive unit designs multiple times, with later units showing improved reliability. Complete drive unit replacement is the standard repair approach rather than internal component service.
What happens if ignoredDrive unit failure can strand the vehicle and require flatbed recovery. Complete drive unit replacement is typically required, with costs ranging £5,000-£12,000 depending on the specific drive unit type. Some failures develop gradually allowing continued driving, while others result in sudden power loss.
Specialist
£5,000–£8,000
Main dealer
£8,000–£12,000
Parts only
£4,000–£7,000
Major
MCU1 Screen Failure
The original MCU1 (Media Control Unit) contains a 17-inch touchscreen that serves as the primary interface for vehicle controls, navigation, climate, and charging functions. The MCU1 suffers from memory chip degradation that causes screen yellowing, dead pixels, black screens, and complete system freezes. This is a design flaw rather than wear-related failure, affecting the vast majority of MCU1-equipped vehicles. Tesla no longer provides MCU1 replacement units, instead offering MCU2 upgrades for affected vehicles.
What happens if ignoredMCU1 failure affects critical vehicle functions including climate control, charging settings, navigation, and Supercharger network access. Complete screen failure can make the vehicle difficult to operate safely. Tesla's MCU2 upgrade is the recommended solution but costs £1,500-£2,500.
Specialist
£1,500–£2,000
Main dealer
£2,000–£2,500
Parts only
£1,200–£1,800
Major
Power Steering System Faults
Tesla Model S uses an electric power steering system that can develop faults in the motor, control module, or sensors. NHTSA data shows 105 steering-related complaints with 18 specifically mentioning power steering failures. Symptoms include heavy steering, intermittent power assistance loss, grinding noises from the steering column area, and dashboard warnings. Unlike hydraulic systems, electric power steering failures can be sudden and complete, making the vehicle difficult to control especially at low speeds.
What happens if ignoredPower steering system failure makes the vehicle extremely difficult to steer, particularly at low speeds and during parking manoeuvres. Complete failure can create a dangerous situation requiring significant physical effort to maintain control. The vehicle should not be driven with complete power steering failure.
Independent garage
£800–£1,500
Specialist
£1,000–£1,800
Main dealer
£1,500–£2,500
Parts only
£600–£1,200
Minor
Door Handle Failure
Tesla's flush-mounted retractable door handles are a signature design feature but suffer from mechanical failures in the presentation and retraction mechanism. The handles use electric motors and multiple micro-switches to detect approach and extend outward when needed. Failures typically manifest as handles that won't present when approached, stick in the extended position, or present intermittently. Cold weather and moisture ingress accelerate failures. Generation 3 Model S uses conventional door handles that do not suffer from this issue.
What happens if ignoredFailed door handles can prevent entry to or exit from the vehicle, creating a safety hazard in emergency situations. Tesla provides emergency interior and exterior release methods, but these require knowledge of their location and operation. Individual handle replacement is typically required when failures occur.
Independent garage
£250–£400
Specialist
£300–£500
Main dealer
£400–£600
Parts only
£150–£300
8 more known issues tracked
Including wear items, electrical niggles, and generation-specific problems. Check a specific car to see which issues apply to its age and mileage.
Check a specific car →MOT failure hotspots
Based on DVSA MOT test data. These are the items where the Tesla Model S fails at a significantly higher rate than the average car.
Lamp showing red light to the front, white ligh...
Lights & Electrics · 80-100k miles
MOT failure rate: 1491x the fleet average
Sample: 3,164 tests
Lamp emitted colour, position or intensity not ...
Lights & Electrics · 40-60k miles
MOT failure rate: 479x the fleet average
Sample: 5,571 tests
Light unit fault
Lights & Electrics · 40-60k miles
MOT failure rate: 23x the fleet average
Sample: 7,702 tests
Tyre wear or damage
Tyres · 120-150k miles
MOT failure rate: 18x the fleet average
Sample: 1,838 tests
Body panel damage
Bodywork · 100-120k miles
MOT failure rate: 11x the fleet average
Sample: 1,772 tests
Any fracture or welding defect on a wheel
Wheels · 40-60k miles
MOT failure rate: 8.0x the fleet average
Sample: 5,571 tests
Buying a Tesla Model S?
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Related
Tesla Model S reliability FAQs
What are the most common problems with the Tesla Model S?
The Tesla Model S has 12 known issues across 3 severity levels. The most common problems relate to Drive Unit Failure and MCU1 Screen Failure.
Is the Tesla Model S reliable?
The Tesla Model S has 0 dangerous and 3 major known issues. No dangerous issues are tracked, which is a positive sign.
How much does it cost to fix Tesla Model S problems?
Costs vary by issue. Independent garages are typically 30-50% cheaper than main dealers for most repairs.
Which Tesla Model S generation is most reliable?
The Gen1 (2012–2016) has the fewest dangerous issues (0). However, condition and service history matter more than generation — a well-maintained earlier car can be more reliable than a neglected newer one.